Preocupa al gobierno la criminalización que se hace de los migrantes para deportarlos
La Jornada
31 Octubre 2011
México, DF. El gobierno mexicano solicitó a su contraparte estadunidense revisar los convenios de repatriación, ante el hecho de que casi la mitad de las expulsiones se ejecutan fuera de los convenios bilaterales y de las pautas (detenciones y devoluciones) registradas por décadas.
En ese contexto, demanda a Washington que garantice el acceso a la información relacionada con los motivos de expulsión de cada uno de los repatriados y, en los expedientes de aquellos con antecedentes penales, conocer los motivos del encarcelamiento.
"El gobierno federal debe impulsar la revisión de los convenios de repatriación", señaló a La Jornada René Zenteno Quintero, subsecretario de Población, Migración y Asuntos Religiosos de la Secretaría de Gobernación (SG).
Esta dependencia, responsable de la política interna y de migración, puso en alerta a la administración federal en conjunto, así como a los gobiernos de las entidades fronterizas, luego de revisar las estadísticas del Departamento de Seguridad Interna de Washington y del propio Instituto Nacional de Migración (INM).
Con base en lo anterior, el subsecretario Zenteno concluye que si bien el número total de mexicanos repatriados ha disminuido sistemáticamente (de 1.7 millones en 2000 a 637 mil en 2010), el perfil de los operativos para deportarlos “se ha vuelto más heterogéneo, principalmente por la creciente presencia de migrantes procesados dentro de Estados Unidos.
“Muchos de ellos –dijo– tienen varios años viviendo allende la frontera; tienen redes familiares sólidas, sus hijos nacieron en el vecino país y otros son deportados por medio de una ‘orden judicial de remoción’. En esta condición –con tintes de criminalización– fueron devueltos 282 mil mexicanos, motivo de preocupación del gobierno mexicano.
"Actualmente casi la mitad de las repatriaciones no se reconocen en la pauta, por décadas dominante, de detenciones en la frontera y devoluciones inmediatas a México. Todo ello confronta el diseño y operación de la política pública hacia la población repatriada en las ciudades fronterizas", subrayó el funcionario.
La alerta anterior se relaciona a que las expulsiones están fuera del Memorándum de Entendimiento sobre Repatriación Segura y Ordenada de Nacionales Mexicanos. Por ello, el gobierno pide a su contraparte ampliar y fortalecer el mismo.
Ese convenio está firmado entre distintas agencias estadunidenses y dependencias de México, el cual establece que las repatriaciones deben realizarse en horarios y con procedimientos que garanticen orden y seguridad para todos los involucrados en 18 puntos oficiales de devolución, localizados en 17 ciudades de la frontera norte de nuestro país.
Las estadísticas del INM dan cuenta acerca de estos procesos de repatriación con base en el citado memorándum: cerca de 50 por ciento de los actos anuales ocurridos entre 2004 y 2010 se concretaron en las ciudades de Tijuana, Baja California, y Nogales, Sonora.
En ese lapso, Tijuana registró más de 150 mil repatriaciones por año. En lo que va de 2011 van 322 mil deportaciones. Tijuana ha recibido casi a 65 mil connacionales; le siguen Mexicali, Nogales y Nuevo Laredo, con 51 mil, 45 mil y 39 mil, respectivamente.
Como se difundió (La Jornada, 9 de agosto de 2010), de los mexicanos devueltos por autoridades migratorias de Estados Unidos, 35 mil 779 afirmaron que fueron detenidos en sus trabajos u hogares (en 2005 sólo fueron 8 mil 146).
Además, 52 mil 835 fueron devueltos sin sus familiares (en 2004, ese indicador se ubicó en 18 mil 714 mexicanos), según la Encuesta sobre Migración en la Frontera Norte.
A escala general, las agencias estadunidenses destacaron en sus informes que el año pasado alcanzaron un cifra récord de casi 393 mil personas deportadas, de las cuales 72 por ciento fueron mexicanos. Para el gobierno federal es preocupante que sus homólogos argumenten que estos operativos tiene como fin "remover" a un mayor número de criminales extranjeros. Para el Departamento de Seguridad Nacional, son antecedentes criminales incluso las faltas administrativas.
Además de la ruptura de familias y otras redes comunitarias, al ejecutar abruptamente las deportaciones, la oleada de expulsiones de quienes tienen antecedentes penales representa también una preocupación para el gobierno mexicano, por el impacto que las repatriaciones colectivas traen aparejadas en la ya de por sí violenta frontera norte.
El problema con las repatriaciones, explicó, no ocurre sólo con base en cuántos llegan o a qué ritmo lo hacen, sino también cómo se incorporan al tejido social en las ciudades fronterizas o en el interior del país.
Por lo pronto, autoridades de los tres niveles de gobierno han tenido que coordinar acciones para determinar qué harán con el "nuevo perfil" de las deportaciones, especialmente para comunicar a los migrantes con sus familiares en ambos países y, en muchos casos, dotarles de documentos de identidad oficial.
Como muchos de los connacionales han pasado incluso varios lustros en Estados Unidos, deben tramitar su registro al sistema de salud y, en su caso, integrarse a actividades productivas.
Ante ésto, la Secretaría de Gobernación pide también la colaboración de la sociedad para que, junto con las autoridades, se proteja a los repatriados y se les facilite el acceso a los servicios a los que, como mexicanos, tienen derecho.
http://www.vanguardia.com.mx/euvioloacuerdosencasi50derepatriacionessg-1136070.html
Showing posts with label Deportation and Diplomatic Relationships. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Deportation and Diplomatic Relationships. Show all posts
Monday, October 31, 2011
Thursday, September 23, 2010
Bolivian President Evo Morales Tells Obama ‘Stop Deporting Immigrants’
By Annie Correal
Feet in 2 Worlds
9/21/10
NEW YORK – As heads of state gathered here to attend the United Nations General Assembly, Bolivian President Evo Morales ended a speech at Hunter College on Monday by calling on President Barack Obama to stop “expelling” Latin American immigrants who are trying to eke out a living.
“Here there’s a lot of talk about policies that aim to expel immigrants,” he said. “There are deep asymmetries between countries, between continents, so of course our brothers in Latin America come here to improve their economic situation. But our brothers who come to the U.S., to Europe, to survive, to reach a better station in life, they are thrown out. What kind of policy is that?”
Morales’ message: “I call on President Obama to halt these policies that aim to deport the Latin American people here, because we all have the same rights.”
President Morales was at Hunter to promote his biography, recently translated into English. But he closed his speech with a few select words for the American president. “I was convinced a black man and an indigenous man were going to work like a pair of oxen for the whole world,” said the indigenous Morales. “It doesn’t make sense that one discriminated party would discriminate against another.”
Morales’ biographer, Martin Sivak, spoke warmly of the Bolivian President, with whom he traveled for two years to write, Evo Morales: The Extraordinary Rise of the First Indigenous President of Bolivia.
Evo Morales was born to a poor indigenous family in the high plains of Bolivia, and grew up to be a union organizer who represented coca farmers. His rise to power was characterized by fierce opposition, including detention and torture in Bolivia, and more recently, ridicule abroad, where he has been called a puppet of Hugo Chavez. His policies have sought to nationalize natural resources and basic services, and The New York Times described his diplomatic relationship with Washington as “tense.” In an 2009 article, the NYT said it “might be the worst in the hemisphere, except for the one with Cuba.”
His biographer described Morales’ political career and recounted episodes which reveal the sense of humor of the man he chronicled. “I heard him say to a waitress, ‘I would even drink poison from your hands,’ after she asked him if he liked coffee or juice. I listened to him lecture on the difference between llamas and people.”
At first, Sivak, a young man from Argentina, was exhausted by trying to keep up with the Bolivian president’s rigorous schedule. “Morales predicted I wouldn’t be able to handle the pace of his life as president but that I should give it a try,” Sivak said:
“After the first week I had altitude sickness and I was hooked up to an oxygen machine in a pharmacy in La Paz. The schedule, which started at 5 o’clock in the morning and ended at 12 o’clock at night, had included 22 airplanes and helicopters and more than 40 events in places that do not appear on school maps. President Morales enjoyed asking the pilots to do pirouettes because he knows how scared I am of small planes.”
In a more serious tone, Sivak said Morales’ landslide victory (64% of the vote) in the last presidential election “deserved a more complex read” than the one it earned from critics of the Bolivian regime, who said it stemmed simply from Morales’ support base in the indigenous community, which makes up more than 60 percent of the population.
Sivak said, “I was deeply moved with what I saw in these years [...] The decline of power of the old elites that ruled the country for so many years and the resurgence of the poor majorities.” He urged people in the U.S. to view Morales as a leader in his own right–more than just an extension of Chavez who has “emotional ties” to the indigenous community.
http://news.feetintwoworlds.org/2010/09/21/bolivian-president-evo-morales-tells-obama-stop-deporting-immigrants/
Feet in 2 Worlds
9/21/10
NEW YORK – As heads of state gathered here to attend the United Nations General Assembly, Bolivian President Evo Morales ended a speech at Hunter College on Monday by calling on President Barack Obama to stop “expelling” Latin American immigrants who are trying to eke out a living.
“Here there’s a lot of talk about policies that aim to expel immigrants,” he said. “There are deep asymmetries between countries, between continents, so of course our brothers in Latin America come here to improve their economic situation. But our brothers who come to the U.S., to Europe, to survive, to reach a better station in life, they are thrown out. What kind of policy is that?”
Morales’ message: “I call on President Obama to halt these policies that aim to deport the Latin American people here, because we all have the same rights.”
President Morales was at Hunter to promote his biography, recently translated into English. But he closed his speech with a few select words for the American president. “I was convinced a black man and an indigenous man were going to work like a pair of oxen for the whole world,” said the indigenous Morales. “It doesn’t make sense that one discriminated party would discriminate against another.”
Morales’ biographer, Martin Sivak, spoke warmly of the Bolivian President, with whom he traveled for two years to write, Evo Morales: The Extraordinary Rise of the First Indigenous President of Bolivia.
Evo Morales was born to a poor indigenous family in the high plains of Bolivia, and grew up to be a union organizer who represented coca farmers. His rise to power was characterized by fierce opposition, including detention and torture in Bolivia, and more recently, ridicule abroad, where he has been called a puppet of Hugo Chavez. His policies have sought to nationalize natural resources and basic services, and The New York Times described his diplomatic relationship with Washington as “tense.” In an 2009 article, the NYT said it “might be the worst in the hemisphere, except for the one with Cuba.”
His biographer described Morales’ political career and recounted episodes which reveal the sense of humor of the man he chronicled. “I heard him say to a waitress, ‘I would even drink poison from your hands,’ after she asked him if he liked coffee or juice. I listened to him lecture on the difference between llamas and people.”
At first, Sivak, a young man from Argentina, was exhausted by trying to keep up with the Bolivian president’s rigorous schedule. “Morales predicted I wouldn’t be able to handle the pace of his life as president but that I should give it a try,” Sivak said:
“After the first week I had altitude sickness and I was hooked up to an oxygen machine in a pharmacy in La Paz. The schedule, which started at 5 o’clock in the morning and ended at 12 o’clock at night, had included 22 airplanes and helicopters and more than 40 events in places that do not appear on school maps. President Morales enjoyed asking the pilots to do pirouettes because he knows how scared I am of small planes.”
In a more serious tone, Sivak said Morales’ landslide victory (64% of the vote) in the last presidential election “deserved a more complex read” than the one it earned from critics of the Bolivian regime, who said it stemmed simply from Morales’ support base in the indigenous community, which makes up more than 60 percent of the population.
Sivak said, “I was deeply moved with what I saw in these years [...] The decline of power of the old elites that ruled the country for so many years and the resurgence of the poor majorities.” He urged people in the U.S. to view Morales as a leader in his own right–more than just an extension of Chavez who has “emotional ties” to the indigenous community.
http://news.feetintwoworlds.org/2010/09/21/bolivian-president-evo-morales-tells-obama-stop-deporting-immigrants/
Tuesday, July 20, 2010
Seven Latin American Nations Join Mexico In Arizona Immigration Lawsuit
The Huffington Post
July 19, 2010
PHOENIX — Seven other Latin American countries want to join Mexico in supporting a lawsuit challenging Arizona's immigration enforcement law.
Bolivia, Colombia, El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Paraguay and Peru filed separate, nearly identical motions to join Mexico's legal brief supporting the lawsuit filed by U.S. civil rights and other advocacy groups.
A federal judge formally accepted Mexico's filing July 1 but did not immediately rule on the latest motions filed late last week.
Mexico says the law would lead to racial profiling and hinder trade, tourism and the fight against drug trafficking.
The law is to take effect July 29. It requires that police conducting traffic stops or questioning people about possible legal violations ask them about their immigration status if there is "reasonable suspicion" that they're in the country illegally.
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/07/20/seven-latin-american-nati_n_652440.html
July 19, 2010
PHOENIX — Seven other Latin American countries want to join Mexico in supporting a lawsuit challenging Arizona's immigration enforcement law.
Bolivia, Colombia, El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Paraguay and Peru filed separate, nearly identical motions to join Mexico's legal brief supporting the lawsuit filed by U.S. civil rights and other advocacy groups.
A federal judge formally accepted Mexico's filing July 1 but did not immediately rule on the latest motions filed late last week.
Mexico says the law would lead to racial profiling and hinder trade, tourism and the fight against drug trafficking.
The law is to take effect July 29. It requires that police conducting traffic stops or questioning people about possible legal violations ask them about their immigration status if there is "reasonable suspicion" that they're in the country illegally.
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/07/20/seven-latin-american-nati_n_652440.html
Tuesday, March 31, 2009
Central America to US: Slow deportations
By JUAN CARLOS LLORCA
The Associated Press
Tuesday, March 31, 2009
SAN JOSE, Costa Rica (AP) — Central American leaders will push the U.S. to slow a flood of deportations when Vice President Joe Biden meets with them Monday, promising a "new day for relations" with a region that has felt ignored.
It is the first top-level visit to the Central America by a U.S. official since President Barack Obama took office in January.
"These meetings are a first and important step toward a new day for relations and the development of a partnership between the countries and peoples of the hemisphere," Biden said in an article published Friday in the Costa Rican newspaper La Nacion.
Mexico is receiving most of the U.S. attention to Latin America, with visits from U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, Attorney General Eric Holder, Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano and even Obama himself, who plans to stop on his way to the Summit of the Americas in Port of Spain, Trinidad.
Biden's trip is an opportunity to reach out to the Americas in the run up to that summit and to "begin to re-energize cooperation in the hemisphere ... sending a signal that the U.S. is strongly interested in engaging the region and consulting with the countries in a cooperative way," said Peter DeShazo, director of the America's Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.
Costa Rica is the second stop in Biden's Latin American tour after a two-day visit to Chile.
Central American leaders agreed Wednesday to push the U.S. to include Guatemalans in a temporary visa program that is already in place for Salvadorans, Hondurans and Nicaraguans. They also want the U.S. to soften a deportation policy that sent a record 80,000 people back to the region in 2008 alone.
The deportations and U.S. economic downturn have hit the region hard. During the last quarter of 2008, money sent home by Central American migrants living in the U.S. fell 4 percent, compared to the same period a year previous, according to the Inter-American Development Bank.
Remittances are a major source of foreign revenue for Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua. Before the crisis, the amount of money sent to these countries had been growing steadily every year.
During a visit to Central America last week, Deputy Secretary of State for the Western Hemisphere Tom Shannon said Biden will work toward securing loans for Central American social projects from the World Bank or the International Monetary Fund.
Regional security also will be on the table. The new Merida Initiative sent $400 million to Mexico in counter-narcotics aid, while Central America and the Caribbean are receiving $65 million.
Nicaraguan President Daniel Ortega and Honduran leader Manuel Zelaya will not attend the meeting. Neither explained why, but Nicaragua's relations with Washington have been tense since the U.S. froze $175 million in foreign aid after allegations of fraud in November's municipal elections. Honduras is a close ally of Nicaragua.
El Salvador's leftist president-elect, Mauricio Funes, is scheduled to attend the meeting.
http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5h-SRTkyio7DjEF9sFxK7TkZYf_nAD977O7IG0
The Associated Press
Tuesday, March 31, 2009
SAN JOSE, Costa Rica (AP) — Central American leaders will push the U.S. to slow a flood of deportations when Vice President Joe Biden meets with them Monday, promising a "new day for relations" with a region that has felt ignored.
It is the first top-level visit to the Central America by a U.S. official since President Barack Obama took office in January.
"These meetings are a first and important step toward a new day for relations and the development of a partnership between the countries and peoples of the hemisphere," Biden said in an article published Friday in the Costa Rican newspaper La Nacion.
Mexico is receiving most of the U.S. attention to Latin America, with visits from U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, Attorney General Eric Holder, Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano and even Obama himself, who plans to stop on his way to the Summit of the Americas in Port of Spain, Trinidad.
Biden's trip is an opportunity to reach out to the Americas in the run up to that summit and to "begin to re-energize cooperation in the hemisphere ... sending a signal that the U.S. is strongly interested in engaging the region and consulting with the countries in a cooperative way," said Peter DeShazo, director of the America's Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.
Costa Rica is the second stop in Biden's Latin American tour after a two-day visit to Chile.
Central American leaders agreed Wednesday to push the U.S. to include Guatemalans in a temporary visa program that is already in place for Salvadorans, Hondurans and Nicaraguans. They also want the U.S. to soften a deportation policy that sent a record 80,000 people back to the region in 2008 alone.
The deportations and U.S. economic downturn have hit the region hard. During the last quarter of 2008, money sent home by Central American migrants living in the U.S. fell 4 percent, compared to the same period a year previous, according to the Inter-American Development Bank.
Remittances are a major source of foreign revenue for Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua. Before the crisis, the amount of money sent to these countries had been growing steadily every year.
During a visit to Central America last week, Deputy Secretary of State for the Western Hemisphere Tom Shannon said Biden will work toward securing loans for Central American social projects from the World Bank or the International Monetary Fund.
Regional security also will be on the table. The new Merida Initiative sent $400 million to Mexico in counter-narcotics aid, while Central America and the Caribbean are receiving $65 million.
Nicaraguan President Daniel Ortega and Honduran leader Manuel Zelaya will not attend the meeting. Neither explained why, but Nicaragua's relations with Washington have been tense since the U.S. froze $175 million in foreign aid after allegations of fraud in November's municipal elections. Honduras is a close ally of Nicaragua.
El Salvador's leftist president-elect, Mauricio Funes, is scheduled to attend the meeting.
http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5h-SRTkyio7DjEF9sFxK7TkZYf_nAD977O7IG0
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